Critical success factors for open source in public services

Disclaimers

The information and views set out in this presentation are those of the presenter and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies nor any person acting on their behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of this presentation.
Free software and open source software are synonyms

Examples

National	UK: GDS Open Source Lead, FR: CIO/DINSIC, IT: Team Digitale
Multi-municipal	DK: OS2, BE: Imio, SE: Kivos, FR: eBourgogne, Adullact, PT (?) ESOP/Seixal
Municipality	ES: Digital Commissioner of Barcelona, DE: Mayor of Munich
Region	Basque Country CIO, Aquitaine
Organisation	Online-Sicherheitsprüfung, Eurocontrol

Examples

policies	Tallinn 2017 eGovernment declaration
	United Kingdom
	France
	Netherlands
	Spain
	Estonia
lists	Sweden
ISA² projects	Sharing and Reuse Framework
	EIF
	CAMSS

Open standards (bis): Use HTMl5 (and CSS3)

	Examples

EC	OpenEuropa	hire enough open source skills, see organisation change
FR	Nantes	organises improvements to LibreOffice
UK	GDS	give staff time to work on open source
DE	Munich	contributor to open source projects
FR	DINSIC	hackathons
IT	Developers Italia	summer of code
FI	Helsinki	require skills, in-house and suppliers
NL	Amsterdam	'Source code is policy executed by machines'
SE	Kammarkollegiet	suppliers push code upstream
ES	Barcelona	work with the citizens (NGOs)

read this study, published in February this year, open source software governance at the European Commission, which comes with a nice overview of how it is done in many other countries.
also keep an eye on the reports and other materials that is coming out of the Commission's open source security audit project:L EU-FOSSA 2
Tallinn: 2017 Ministerial Declaration on eGovernment
- use open source solutions & open standards
- avoid IT vendor lock-in
- share solutions publicly
- encourage reuse by private sector and citizens
France: main points: Digital Law & rules on Public Sector Information
- open source culture
- Ayrault memo (see link above)
- OGP open source statement
- public sector information
  - source code for students university admission allotment
  - source code for tax
UK:
- Open Standards Policy
- Open source policy
the two extreme ends of how public administrations can contribute to open source: Bulgaria: post software on github (or other repositories) yourself, or as in Sweden: make contractors (the companies) responsible for this
Other (but first, read the 2020 report mentioned at the beginning of this list)

Setting targets, following the USA: Slovakia, Poland, Hungary.

efficiency
economic growth
technological sovereignty
- part of France's Digital Security Strategy. The Droit Numerique wants a special office for it.
- It is part of Sweden's cloud strategy
- Germany's validation of Owncloud/Nextcloud (Gaia-x)

Efficiency & innovation. For this you really need to spend time on OSOR there are so many cool examples:

Dutch data centres
France's ministerial archive system, or its task management tool, which helps even the smallest of public services to automate processes
Paris Lutèce - for planning and execution of budgets, getting citizens involved, from getting then to report broken sidewalks to getting their opinions (and expertise).
Denmark's OSMO, for keeping tabs on all kinds of services, including access rights and presence information

Growth

France’s free software sector grows by 15% in 2016 | PAC, a consultancy, forecasts sales in France’s free and open source services sector in 2016 of EUR 4.5 billion
Basque open source sector almost doubles: both revenue and number of IT staff
You'll want to watch this study, on the economic impact of open source software and hardware, trying to measure technological independence, competitiveness and innovation. A workshop on this is tentatively planned for 4 November. Astor Nummelin, who is doing a talk in this conference, will probably give you an update.

raising awareness
improving advocacy
fix procurement
what can you do?
raise awarenes: political & organisational awareness
open source results in inclusion, not extraction
other economic benefits (side effects), sharing & reuse, close fit to public administration, positive economic externalities, autonomy & technological sovereignty
advocacy: at least one group in each Member State, and they should organise meaningful European cooperation. There is some progress here: APELL.
OSOR shows & experts agree: procurement laws are broken too often, very little we can do: this needs to be fixed
countries need resource centres, we need academics to catalogue the best practices, we need financial instruments, improve our laws & policies
many rumours and stories of kick-backs, corruption, lock,in, carelessness, revolving doors
eroding trust in government

Thanks to our European Commission for making this possible
Thanks to Clémentine Valayer, Terence Eden, Georges Lobo, Szabolcs Szekacs, Daniel Melin, Karsten Gerloff, Eric Ficheux, Laurent Joubert, and many others for their valuable comments
Thanks to the herculean Debian, Emacs, Org-mode, and Reveal.js